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Copy edit of multi-boot for branding, grammar, and format.

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Completed feedback deferred from PR 108.

Signed-off-by: MCamp859 <mary.camp@ptiglobal.net>
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MCamp859
2018-05-08 10:56:53 -04:00
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source/clear-linux/tutorials/multi-boot/multi-boot.rst
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@@ -5,17 +5,18 @@ Multi-boot Clear Linux with other operating systems
Starting with version 16140, |CLOSIA| uses the Systemd-Boot boot loader,
which does not support multi-booting without manual manipulation. This
document shows how to modify the boot loader for |CL| to work with other
operating systems.
tutorial shows how to modify the boot loader for |CL| to work with other
:abbr:`OSes (operating systems)`.
Process overview
****************
The general process to install other operating systems for a
multi-booting computer is as follows:
The process to install other operating systems for a multi-booting computer is
described below. Install |CL| first, then install other operating systems in
any order.
#. Install |CL| first with a EFI partition large enough to store the kernels
of other operating systems and their initrds in the case of Linux\*
of other operating systems and their initrds in the case of Linux
distributions.
#. Install the next operating system without creating its own EFI
@@ -31,12 +32,18 @@ multi-booting computer is as follows:
#. Make Systemd-Boot the default boot loader.
#. Repeat the previous steps for each additional operating system. Always
install |CL| first. Install other operating systems in any order.
#. Repeat the previous steps to install each additional operating system.
.. note::
This process is not guaranteed to work with all Linux distributions and
all their versions.
If you update any installed operating systems, be aware that:
* The default boot loader may change from |CL| Systemd-Boot. Perform the
steps in :ref:`multi-boot-restore-bl`.
* Linux kernels or `initrd` images may change. Keep their corresponding Systemd-Boot
:file:`/boot/efi/loader/entries/*.conf` files up-to-date.
This process is not guaranteed to work with all Linux distributions and all
their versions. The next section lists the OSes that we tested.
Tested operating systems
@@ -49,42 +56,36 @@ installation of the tested operating systems.
.. csv-table:: Table 1: OS specific installation information
:header: # , OS, Version, Partition Size [1], Swap Size [2], EFI Partition Size [3], Download Link
1,Clear Linux,16140,50GB,8GB,1GB,https://download.clearlinux.org/image/clear-15870-installer.img.xz
2,Windows ,Server 2016,50GB,N/A,Shared with #1,From Microsoft
3,RedHat,Server 7.4 Beta,45GB,Shared with #1,Shared with #1,From RedHat
4,SUSE,Server 12 SP2,45GB,Shared with #1,Shared with #1,From SUSE
5,Ubuntu,16.04.02 LTS Desktop,40GB,Shared with #1,Shared with #1,https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop
6,Mint,18.1 ?Serena? MATE,40GB,Shared with #1,Shared with #1,https://linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=228
1,Clear Linux,16140,50 GB,8 GB,1 GB,https://download.clearlinux.org/releases/16140/clear/
2,Windows,Server 2016,50 GB,N/A,Shared with #1,https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/cloud-platform/windows-server
3,Red Hat\*,Server 7.4 Beta,45 GB,Shared with #1,Shared with #1,https://access.redhat.com/downloads/
4,SUSE\*,Server 12 SP2,45 GB,Shared with #1,Shared with #1,https://www.suse.com/download-linux/
5,Ubuntu\*,16.04.02 LTS Desktop,40 GB,Shared with #1,Shared with #1,https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop
6,Linux Mint\*,18.1 *Serena* MATE,40 GB,Shared with #1,Shared with #1,https://linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=228
Table notes:
.. [#] Configure the partition size as desired.
.. [#] To save disk space, a single swap partition can be shared among
.. [#] To save disk space, share a single swap partition between
multiple Linux installations. Swap size was determined using these
`recommended swap partition sizes`_.
.. [#] This partition will hold the |CL| and other operating
systems’ kernel and boot information. The partition size is dependent on
the number of operating systems that will be installed. In general,
allocate about 100MB per operating system. For this demonstration, we used
1GB.
.. [#] The EFI partition holds the kernel and boot information for |CL| and
other operating systems. The partition size is dependent on the number
of operating systems to be installed. In general, allocate about 100 MB per
operating system. For this tutorial, we used 1 GB.
.. note::
Updating any installed operating systems will likely result
in the |CL| Systemd-Boot no longer being the default
boot loader. To restore it, see :ref:`multi-boot-restore-bl`.
.. note::
Updating any Linux installation may result in changes of their kernels or
initrds. Keep their corresponding Systemd-Boot
:file:`/boot/efi/loader/entries/*.conf` files up-to-update.
.. _multi-boot-detail-proc:
Detailed procedures
*******************
:ref:`multi-boot-cl` (below)
* :ref:`multi-boot-cl` (below)
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
@@ -99,8 +100,20 @@ Detailed procedures
.. _multi-boot-cl:
Install the Clear Linux OS
**************************
Install Clear Linux OS
**********************
Navigation tips for text-based installation interfaces:
* Use the :kbd:`Up Arrow` and :kbd:`Down Arrow` keys to move between
the options on the screen.
* Use the :kbd:`Space` to select or highlight an option.
* Press :kbd:`Enter` to activate the selected option and to move ahead.
Installation details
====================
#. Create a bootable USB drive of the |CL| installer using one of the methods
below.
@@ -111,23 +124,12 @@ Install the Clear Linux OS
#. Start the |CL| installer and follow the prompts.
#. On the *Choose Installation Type* screen, choose *Manual (Advanced)*,
as shown in Figure 1.
#. On the :guilabel:`Choose Installation Type` screen, choose
:guilabel:`Manual (Advanced)`, as shown in Figure 1.
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-01.png
Figure 1: |CL| installer: Choose installation type screen
.. note::
If you are not familiar with text-based installation
interfaces, here are some navigation tips:
* Use the :kbd:`Up Arrow` and :kbd:`Down Arrow` keys to move between
the options on the screen.
* Use the :kbd:`Space` to select or highlight an option.
* Press :kbd:`Enter` to activate the selected option and to move ahead.
Figure 1: |CL| installer: Choose installation type screen.
#. On the :guilabel:`Choose partitioning method` screen, choose
:guilabel:`Manually configure mounts and partitions`, as shown in
@@ -135,75 +137,75 @@ Install the Clear Linux OS
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-02.png
Figure 2: |CL|: Choose partitioning method
Figure 2: |CL|: Choose partitioning method.
#. Select the drive, in this case :file:`/dev/sda` and press :kbd:`Enter` to
#. Select the drive, in this case :file:`/dev/sda`, and press :kbd:`Enter` to
go into the `cgdisk` partitioning tool. See Figure 3.
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-03.png
Figure 3: |CL|: Choose drive to partition
Figure 3: |CL|: Choose drive to partition.
#. Create a new root partition.
#. Select :guilabel:`New`. See Figure 4.
#. Select :guilabel:`New`, as shown in Figure 4.
.. _multi-boot-04:
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-04.png
Figure 4: |CL|: Create new partition
Figure 4: |CL|: Create new partition.
#. Accept the default first sector.
#. Specify the desired size of the partition. For this example, we
specified *50GB*. See Figure 5.
specified *50 GB*. See Figure 5.
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-05.png
Figure 5: |CL|: New partition size
Figure 5: |CL|: New partition size.
#. Set the partition type to :guilabel:`8300 (Linux filesystem)`. See
Figure 6.
#. Set the partition type to :guilabel:`8300 (Linux filesystem)`, as shown
in Figure 6.
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-06.png
Figure 6: |CL|: Set partition type
Figure 6: |CL|: Set partition type.
#. Name the partition :file:`CL-root`. This name makes it easier to
identify later. See Figure 7.
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-07.png
Figure 7: |CL|: Name partition
Figure 7: |CL|: Name partition.
#. Create a new swap partition. See Figure 8.
#. Create a new swap partition as shown in Figure 8.
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-08.png
Figure 8: |CL|: Create swap partition
Figure 8: |CL|: Create swap partition.
#. Select the `free space` partition located at the bottom of the column.
#. Select the *free space* partition located at the bottom of the column.
#. Select :guilabel:`New`. See :ref:`Figure 4<multi-boot-04>`.
#. Accept the default first sector.
#. Specify the desired size of the swap partition. For this example, we
used 8GB. See the `recommended swap partition sizes`_ for guidance.
used 8 GB. See the `recommended swap partition sizes`_ for guidance.
#. Set the partition type to :guilabel:`8200 (Linux swap)`.
#. Name the partition :file:`CL-swap`.
#. Create a new EFI partition. See Figure 9.
#. Create a new EFI partition as shown in Figure 9.
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-09.png
Figure 9: |CL|: Create EFI partition
Figure 9: |CL|: Create EFI partition.
#. In the Partition Type column, select :guilabel:`free space` located at
the bottom of the column.
#. In the :guilabel:`Partition Type` column, select :guilabel:`free space`
located at the bottom of the column.
#. Select :guilabel:`New`. See :ref:`Figure 4<multi-boot-04>`.
@@ -212,7 +214,7 @@ Install the Clear Linux OS
#. Specify the desired size of the partition. For this example, we used
1024 MB. This partition will hold |CL|, the kernels of the other
operating systems, and their boot information. Its size depends on the
number of installed operating systems. In general, allocate about 100MB
number of installed operating systems. In general, allocate about 100 MB
per operating system. For this example, we used 1024 MB.
#. Set the partition type to :guilabel:`ef00 (EFI partition)`.
@@ -228,40 +230,34 @@ Install the Clear Linux OS
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-10.png
Figure 10: |CL|: Set mount points
Figure 10: |CL|: Set mount points.
#. On the :guilabel:`User configuration` screen, select
:guilabel:`Create an administrative user`. See Figure 11.
:guilabel:`Create an administrative user`, as shown in Figure 11.
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-11.png
Figure 11: |CL|: User configuration
Figure 11: |CL|: User configuration.
#. Select :guilabel:`Add user to sudoers?`. See Figure 12.
#. Select :guilabel:`Add user to sudoers?`, as shown in Figure 12.
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-12.png
Figure 12: |CL|: Add user as sudoer
Figure 12: |CL|: Add user as sudoer.
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation and go through
the out-of-box-experience of |CL|.
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation and finish
the out-of-box-experience for |CL|.
#. Log in.
#. Get root privileges.
#. Add a Systemd-Boot timeout period or Systemd-Boot will not
present the boot menu and will boot |CL|.
.. code-block:: console
.. code-block:: bash
$ sudo -s
sudo clr-boot-manager set-timeout 20
#. Add a timeout period for Systemd-Boot to wait, otherwise it will not
present the boot menu and will always boot |CL|.
.. code-block:: console
# clr-boot-manager set-timeout 20
# clr-boot-manager update
sudo clr-boot-manager update
#. Reboot.