Split multi-boot doc into small files, updated fig refs.
Added links to Detailed Procedures in main doc. Renamed image files and figure numbers in text. Signed-off-by: MCamp859 <mary.camp@ptiglobal.net>
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|
||||
.. _multi-boot-cl:
|
||||
|
||||
Install the Clear Linux OS
|
||||
**************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a bootable USB drive of the |CL| installer using one of the methods
|
||||
below.
|
||||
|
||||
* :ref:`bootable-usb-linux`
|
||||
* :ref:`bootable-usb-mac`
|
||||
* :ref:`bootable-usb-windows`
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the |CL| installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. On the *Choose Installation Type* screen, choose *Manual (Advanced)*,
|
||||
as shown in Figure 1.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-01.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: |CL| installer: Choose installation type screen
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
If you are not familiar with text-based installation
|
||||
interfaces, here are some navigation tips:
|
||||
|
||||
* Use the :kbd:`Up Arrow` and :kbd:`Down Arrow` keys to move between
|
||||
the options on the screen.
|
||||
|
||||
* Use the :kbd:`Space` to select or highlight an option.
|
||||
|
||||
* Press :kbd:`Enter` to activate the selected option and to move ahead.
|
||||
|
||||
#. On the :guilabel:`Choose partitioning method` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`Manually configure mounts and partitions`, as shown in
|
||||
Figure 2.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-02.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: |CL|: Choose partitioning method
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select the drive, in this case :file:`/dev/sda` and press :kbd:`Enter` to
|
||||
go into the `cgdisk` partitioning tool. See Figure 3.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-03.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: |CL|: Choose drive to partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new root partition.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`New`. See Figure 4.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _multi-boot-04:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-04.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 4: |CL|: Create new partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Accept the default first sector.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Specify the desired size of the partition. For this example, we
|
||||
specified *50GB*. See Figure 5.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-05.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 5: |CL|: New partition size
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set the partition type to :guilabel:`8300 (Linux filesystem)`. See
|
||||
Figure 6.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-06.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 6: |CL|: Set partition type
|
||||
|
||||
#. Name the partition :file:`CL-root`. This name makes it easier to
|
||||
identify later. See Figure 7.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-07.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 7: |CL|: Name partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new swap partition. See Figure 8.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-08.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 8: |CL|: Create swap partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select the `free space` partition located at the bottom of the column.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`New`. See :ref:`Figure 4<multi-boot-04>`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Accept the default first sector.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Specify the desired size of the swap partition. For this example, we
|
||||
used 8GB. See the `recommended swap partition sizes`_ for guidance.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set the partition type to :guilabel:`8200 (Linux swap)`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Name the partition :file:`CL-swap`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new EFI partition. See Figure 9.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-09.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 9: |CL|: Create EFI partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. In the Partition Type column, select :guilabel:`free space` located at
|
||||
the bottom of the column.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`New`. See :ref:`Figure 4<multi-boot-04>`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Accept the default first sector.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Specify the desired size of the partition. For this example, we used
|
||||
1024 MB. This partition will hold |CL|, the kernels of the other
|
||||
operating systems, and their boot information. Its size depends on the
|
||||
number of installed operating systems. In general, allocate about 100MB
|
||||
per operating system. For this example, we used 1024 MB.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set the partition type to :guilabel:`ef00 (EFI partition)`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Name the partition :file:`CL-EFI`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`Write` to apply the new partition table.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`Quit` to exit the `cgdisk` tool.
|
||||
|
||||
#. On the :guilabel:`Set mount points` screen, specify the mount points and
|
||||
format settings as shown in Figure 10.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-10.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 10: |CL|: Set mount points
|
||||
|
||||
#. On the :guilabel:`User configuration` screen, select
|
||||
:guilabel:`Create an administrative user`. See Figure 11.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-11.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 11: |CL|: User configuration
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`Add user to sudoers?`. See Figure 12.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-12.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 12: |CL|: Add user as sudoer
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation and go through
|
||||
the out-of-box-experience of |CL|.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Get root privileges.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add a timeout period for Systemd-Boot to wait, otherwise it will not
|
||||
present the boot menu and will always boot |CL|.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# clr-boot-manager set-timeout 20
|
||||
|
||||
# clr-boot-manager update
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to install other OSes, refer to :ref:`multi-boot` for details.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _recommended swap partition sizes:
|
||||
https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5/html/Deployment_Guide/ch-swapspace.html
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
|
||||
.. _multi-boot-mint:
|
||||
|
||||
Install Mint\* 18.1 “Serena” MATE
|
||||
*********************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the Mint installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the :guilabel:`Installation type` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`Something else`. See Figure 1.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-mint-1.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: Mint: Installation type
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new root partition.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under the :guilabel:`Device` column, select :guilabel:`free space`. See
|
||||
Figure 2.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-mint-2.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: Mint: Add partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click the :guilabel:`+` button.
|
||||
|
||||
#. In the :guilabel:`Size` field, enter a value for the new partition
|
||||
size. For this example, we used *40000 MB*, as shown in Figure 3.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-mint-3.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: Mint: Configure new partition settings
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set :guilabel:`Use as` to :guilabel:`Ext4 journaling file system`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set the :guilabel:`Mount point` to :guilabel:`/`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`OK`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Share the same swap partition created by |CL| with the following
|
||||
steps.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under :guilabel:`Device` column, select :file:`/dev/sda2`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Change`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Confirm :guilabel:`Use as` is set to :guilabel:`Swap area`. See Figure 4.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-mint-4.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 4: Mint: Set swap partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation of Mint.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At this point, the ability to boot |CL| is lost because `Grub`
|
||||
is the default boot loader. Follow these steps to make the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot the default boot loader and add Mint as a boot option.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Boot into Mint.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Get root permissions.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
#. Locate the Mint :file:`grub.cfg` file in the :file:`/boot/grub/` and
|
||||
look for the :guilabel:`menuentry` section. The highlighted lines
|
||||
identify the kernel, the :file:`initrd` files, the root partition UUID,
|
||||
and the additional parameters used. Use this information to create a
|
||||
new Systemd-Boot entry for Mint. See Figure 5.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-mint-5.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 5: Mint: grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#. Copy the kernel and :file:`initrd` to the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-53-generic /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-53-generic /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a boot entry for Mint. The file must contain at least these
|
||||
settings:
|
||||
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| Setting | Description |
|
||||
+=========+====================================+
|
||||
| title | Text to show in the boot menu |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| linux | Linux kernel image |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| initrd | initramfs image |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| options | Options to pass to the EFI program |
|
||||
| | or kernel boot parameters |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
|
||||
See the `systemd boot loader documentation`_ for additional
|
||||
details.
|
||||
|
||||
The *options* parameters must specify the root partition UUID and
|
||||
any additional parameters that Mint requires.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note:: The root partition UUID used below is unique to this example.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /boot/efi/loader/entries
|
||||
|
||||
# vi mint.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Add the following lines to the :file:`mint.conf` file:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
title Mint 18.1 Serena MATE
|
||||
|
||||
linux /vmlinuz-4.4.0-53-generic
|
||||
|
||||
initrd /initrd.img-4.4.0-53-generic
|
||||
|
||||
options root=UUID=af4901e1-6238-470a-8c14-bc0f0f7715ec ro
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-install Systemd-Boot to make it the default boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# bootctl install --path /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
If an older version of Mint does not have the `bootctl` command,
|
||||
skip this step and see :ref:`multi-boot-reset-bl` to restore the Clear
|
||||
Linux Systemd-Boot boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to install other OSes, refer to :ref:`multi-boot` for details.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. _systemd boot loader documentation:
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-boot
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
|
||||
.. _multi-boot-reset-bl:
|
||||
|
||||
Recover the Clear Linux boot loader
|
||||
***********************************
|
||||
|
||||
The installation of a new operating system or an upgrade of an existing
|
||||
operating system can result in making the |CL| Systemd-Boot no
|
||||
longer the default boot loader. To restore it, follow the steps below.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Boot the |CL| installer from a USB thumb drive. See :ref:`bootable-usb`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the introduction screen, press :kbd:`Control+Alt+F2` to bring up the
|
||||
|CL| console. See Figure 1.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-reset-bl-1.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: |CL|: Console
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in as *root*.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
Logging in for the first time as *root* through the console requires
|
||||
setting a new password.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Find the location of the |CL| EFI partition, in this example it is
|
||||
:file:`/dev/sda3`. See Figure 2.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# fdisk –l
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-reset-bl-2.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: |CL| - fdisk -l
|
||||
|
||||
#. Mount the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# mount /dev/sda3 /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-install Systemd-Boot to make it the default boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# bootctl install --path /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. Unmount the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# umount /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to install other OSes, refer to :ref:`multi-boot` for details.
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
|
||||
.. _multi-boot-rhel:
|
||||
|
||||
Install Red Hat\* Enterprise Linux 7.4 Beta
|
||||
*******************************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the Red Hat installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the :guilabel:`INSTALLATION SUMMARY` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`INSTALLATION DESTINATION`. See Figure 1.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-rhel-1.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: Red Hat: Installation summary
|
||||
|
||||
#. In the :guilabel:`Device Selection` section, select a drive on which to
|
||||
install the OS. See Figure 2.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-rhel-2.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: Red Hat: Installation destination
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under the :guilabel:`Other Storage Options` section, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`I will configure partitioning`. See Figure 2.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Done`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under :menuselection:`New Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4 Installation --> New mount points will use the following partitioning scheme` section,
|
||||
select :menuselection:`Standard Partition` from the drop down list. See
|
||||
Figure 3.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-rhel-3.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: Red Hat: New partition scheme
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new root partition.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click the :menuselection:`+` button on the lower left corner.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enter `/` and the new partition size. For this example, we specified 45
|
||||
GB. See Figure 4.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-rhel-4.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 4: Red Hat: Create new root partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Add mount point`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Share the swap partition that was created by |CL|. See Figure 5.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Expand :guilabel:`Unknown`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`swap / sda2`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`Reformat`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Update Settings`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-rhel-5.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 5: Red Hat: Configure swap partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Share the EFI partition that was created by |CL|. See Figure 6.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Expand :guilabel:`Unknown.`
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`EFI System Partition / sda3`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under :guilabel:`Mount Point`, enter `/boot/efi`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Update Settings`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-rhel-6.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 6: Red Hat: Configure EFI partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Done`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation of Red Hat.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At this point, the ability to boot |CL| is lost because `Grub`
|
||||
was set as the default boot loader. Follow these steps to make the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot the default boot loader and add Red Hat as a boot option:
|
||||
|
||||
#. Boot into Red Hat.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Get root privilege with the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
#. Locate Fedora’s :file:`grub.cfg` file at the
|
||||
:file:`/boot/efi/EFI/redhat/` directory and look for the primary Red
|
||||
Hat :guilabel:`menuentry` section. The highlighted lines identify
|
||||
the kernel and `initrd` filenames, root partition UUID, and
|
||||
additional parameters used. This information is used to create a
|
||||
new Systemd-Boot entry for Red Hat. See Figure 7.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-rhel-7.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 7: Red Hat: grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#. Copy the kernel and `initrd` to the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-663.el7.x86_64 /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-663.el7.x86_64.img /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a boot entry for Red Hat. The file must, at a minimum, contain
|
||||
these settings:
|
||||
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
|
||||
| Setting | Description |
|
||||
+=========+===================================================+
|
||||
| title | Text to show in the boot menu |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
|
||||
| linux | Linux kernel image |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
|
||||
| initrd | initramfs image |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
|
||||
| options | Options to pass to the EFI program or kernel boot |
|
||||
| | parameters |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
|
||||
|
||||
See the `systemd boot loader documentation`_ for additional
|
||||
details.
|
||||
|
||||
The *options* parameters must specify the root partition UUID and any
|
||||
additional parameters that Red Hat requires.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note:: The root partition UUID used below is unique to this example.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /boot/efi/loader/entries
|
||||
|
||||
# vi redhat.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Add the following lines to :file:`redhat.conf`
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4 Beta
|
||||
|
||||
linux /vmlinuz-3.10.0-663.el7.x86\_64
|
||||
|
||||
initrd /initramfs-3.10.0-663.el7.x86\_64.img
|
||||
|
||||
options root=UUID=30655c74-6cc1-4c55-8fcc-ac8bddcea4db ro
|
||||
crashkernel=auto rhgb LANG=en\_US.UTF-8
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-install Systemd-Boot to make it the default boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
This version of Red Hat does not support `bootctl install`. Perform
|
||||
the steps in :ref:`multi-boot-reset-bl` instead.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to install other OSes, refer to :ref:`multi-boot` for details.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. _systemd boot loader documentation:
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-boot
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
|
||||
.. _multi-boot-sles:
|
||||
|
||||
Install SUSE\* Linux Enterprise 12 SP2
|
||||
**************************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the SUSE installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the :guilabel:`Suggested Partitioning` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`Expert Partitioner`. See Figure 1.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-sles-1.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: SUSE: Suggested partitioning
|
||||
|
||||
**Optional:** Under :guilabel:`Available Storage on Linux` section,
|
||||
right-click the SUSE :file:`/home` partition and delete it. In this example, it is :file:`/dev/sda8`. See Figure 2.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-sles-2.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: SUSE: Delete /home partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under :guilabel:`Available Storage on Linux` section, right-click the SUSE
|
||||
root partition and resize it. In this example, :file:`/dev/sda7` is
|
||||
resized to 45 GB. See Figure 3.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-sles-3.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: SUSE: Resize root partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Accept`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation of SUSE.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At this point, |CL| cannot boot because `Grub`
|
||||
is the default boot loader. Follow these steps to make the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot the default boot loader and add SUSE as a boot option:
|
||||
|
||||
#. Boot into SUSE.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Get root privileges with the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
#. Locate SUSE’s :file:`grub.cfg` in the :file:`/boot/grub2/` directory
|
||||
and look for the primary SUSE :guilabel:`menuentry` section. The
|
||||
highlighted lines identify the kernel, the :file:`initrd` filenames,
|
||||
the root partition UUID, and the additional parameters used. Use this
|
||||
information to create a new Systemd-Boot entry. See Figure 4.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-sles-4.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 4: SUSE: grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#. Copy the kernel and the :file:`initrd` file to the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.21-69-default /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/initrd-4.4.21-69-default /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a boot entry for SUSE. The file must at least contain these
|
||||
settings:
|
||||
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|
||||
| Setting | Description |
|
||||
+=========+=======================================+
|
||||
| title | Text to show in the boot menu |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|
||||
| linux | Linux kernel image |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|
||||
| initrd | initramfs image |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|
||||
| options | Options to pass to the EFI program or |
|
||||
| | kernel boot parameters |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|
||||
|
||||
See the `systemd boot loader documentation`_ for additional
|
||||
details.
|
||||
|
||||
The *options* parameter must specify the root partition UUID and
|
||||
any additional parameters SUSE requires.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note:: The root partition UUID used below is unique to this example.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /boot/efi/loader/entries
|
||||
|
||||
# vi suse.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Add the following lines to the :file:`suse.conf` file:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
title SUSE Linux Enterprise 12 SP2
|
||||
|
||||
linux /vmlinuz-4.4.21-69-default
|
||||
|
||||
initrd /initrd-4.4.21-69-default
|
||||
|
||||
options root=UUID=b9e25e98-a644-4ac3-b955-ae32800ee350 ro
|
||||
resume=/dev/disk/by-uuid/6a50c032-1c1e-4b4a-b799-ca365bb10dc7
|
||||
splash=silent showopts crashkernel=109M,high
|
||||
crashkernel=72M,low
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-install Systemd-Boot to make it the default boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# bootctl install --path /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
If an older version of SUSE does not have the `bootctl` command,
|
||||
skip this step and see :ref:`multi-boot-reset-bl` to restore the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to install other OSes, refer to :ref:`multi-boot` for details.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. _systemd boot loader documentation:
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-boot
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
|
||||
.. _multi-boot-ubuntu:
|
||||
|
||||
Install Ubuntu\* 16.04 LTS Desktop
|
||||
**********************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the Ubuntu installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the :guilabel:`Installation type` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`Something else`. See Figure 1.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-ubuntu-1.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: Ubuntu: Installation type
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new root partition.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under the :guilabel:`Device` column, select :guilabel:`free space`. See
|
||||
Figure 2.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-ubuntu-2.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: Ubuntu: Add partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click the :guilabel:`+` button on the lower left corner.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enter the new partition size. For this example, we used *40000 MB*, as
|
||||
shown in Figure 3.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-ubuntu-3.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: Ubuntu: Configure new root partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set :guilabel:`Use as` to :guilabel:`Ext4 journaling file system`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set the :guilabel:`Mount point` to `/`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`OK`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under the :guilabel:`Format?` column, select the new partition to be
|
||||
formatted, in this example :file:`/dev/sda8`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Share the same swap partition created by |CL|.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under the :guilabel:`Device` column, select :file:`/dev/sda2`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Change`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Confirm :guilabel:`Use as` is set to :guilabel:`Swap area`. See Figure 4.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-ubuntu-4.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 4: Ubuntu - Set swap partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation of Ubuntu.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At this point, the ability to boot |CL| is lost because `Grub`
|
||||
is the default boot loader. Follow these steps to make the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot the default boot loader and add Ubuntu as a boot option.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Boot into Ubuntu.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Get root permissions.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
#. Locate the Ubuntu :file:`grub.cfg` file in the :file:`/boot/grub/`
|
||||
directory and look for the :guilabel:`menuentry` section. The
|
||||
highlighted lines identify the kernel, the :file:`initrd` files, the
|
||||
root partition UUID, and the additional parameters used. Use this
|
||||
information to create a new Systemd-Boot entry for Ubuntu. See Figure 5.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-ubuntu-5.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 5: Ubuntu: grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#. Copy the kernel and :file:`initrd` to the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-36-generic.efi.signed /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-36-generic /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a boot entry for Ubuntu. The file must contain at least these
|
||||
settings:
|
||||
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| Setting | Description |
|
||||
+=========+====================================+
|
||||
| title | Text to show in the boot menu |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| linux | Linux kernel image |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| initrd | initramfs image |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| options | Options to pass to the EFI program |
|
||||
| | or kernel boot parameters |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
|
||||
See the `systemd boot loader documentation`_ for additional
|
||||
details.
|
||||
|
||||
The *options* parameters must specify the root partition UUID and
|
||||
any additional parameters that Ubuntu requires.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note:: The root partition UUID used below is unique to this example.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /boot/efi/loader/entries
|
||||
|
||||
# vi ubuntu.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Add the following lines to the :file:`ubuntu.conf` file:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
title Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Desktop
|
||||
|
||||
linux /vmlinuz-4.8.0-36-generic.efi.signed
|
||||
|
||||
initrd /initrd.img-4.8.0-36-generic
|
||||
|
||||
options root=UUID=17f0aa66-3467-4f99-b92c-8b2cea1045aa ro
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-install Systemd-Boot to make it the default boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# bootctl install --path /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
If an older version of Ubuntu does not have the `bootctl` command,
|
||||
skip this step and see :ref:`multi-boot-reset-bl` to restore the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to install other OSes, refer to :ref:`multi-boot` for details.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. _systemd boot loader documentation:
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-boot
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
|
||||
.. _multi-boot-win:
|
||||
|
||||
Install Windows\* Server 2016
|
||||
*****************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the Windows installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the :guilabel:`Type of installation` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`Custom: Install Windows only (advanced)`. See Figure 1.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-win-1.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: Windows: Choose installation type
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`Unallocated Space` and create a new partition of the
|
||||
desired size. In this example, we specified 50000 MB. See Figure 2.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-win-2.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: Windows: Create new partition
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
Windows normally creates its own EFI partition (100MB) if none exists.
|
||||
In this case, it sees the EFI partition created during the |CL|
|
||||
installation and won't create its own.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select the newly created partition and follow the remaining prompts
|
||||
to complete the installation of Windows. See Figure 3.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-win-3.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: Windows: Install on newly created partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Go through the Windows out-of-box-experience process.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At this point, the ability to boot |CL| is lost because Windows is the
|
||||
default boot loader. See :ref:`multi-boot-reset-bl` to restore the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot boot loader and add Windows to its boot menu.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to install other OSes, refer to :ref:`multi-boot` for details.
|
||||
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ which does not support multi-booting without manual manipulation. This
|
||||
document shows how to modify the boot loader for |CL| to work with other
|
||||
operating systems.
|
||||
|
||||
Process overview
|
||||
****************
|
||||
|
||||
The general process to install other operating systems for a
|
||||
multi-booting computer is as follows:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -35,6 +38,23 @@ multi-booting computer is as follows:
|
||||
This process is not guaranteed to work with all Linux distributions and
|
||||
all their versions.
|
||||
|
||||
Detailed procedures
|
||||
*******************
|
||||
|
||||
.. toctree::
|
||||
:maxdepth: 2
|
||||
|
||||
multi-boot-cl
|
||||
multi-boot-win
|
||||
multi-boot-rhel
|
||||
multi-boot-sles
|
||||
multi-boot-ubuntu
|
||||
multi-boot-mint
|
||||
multi-boot-reset-bl
|
||||
|
||||
Tested operating systems
|
||||
************************
|
||||
|
||||
The following operating systems were tested on an Intel® NUC6i7KYK with 32GB
|
||||
RAM and a 360GB SSD. Table 1 lists the information specific to the
|
||||
installation of the tested operating systems.
|
||||
@@ -65,7 +85,7 @@ installation of the tested operating systems.
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
Updating any installed operating systems will likely result
|
||||
in the |CL| Systemd-Boot no longer being the default
|
||||
boot loader. To restore it, see :ref:`recover-cl-bl`.
|
||||
boot loader. To restore it, see :ref:`multi-boot-reset-bl`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
Updating any Linux installation may result in changes of their kernels or
|
||||
@@ -73,834 +93,7 @@ installation of the tested operating systems.
|
||||
:file:`/boot/efi/loader/entries/*.conf` files up-to-update.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install the Clear Linux OS
|
||||
**************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a bootable USB drive of the |CL| installer using one of the methods
|
||||
below.
|
||||
|
||||
* :ref:`bootable-usb-linux`
|
||||
* :ref:`bootable-usb-mac`
|
||||
* :ref:`bootable-usb-windows`
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the |CL| installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. On the *Choose Installation Type* screen, choose *Manual (Advanced)*,
|
||||
as shown in Figure 1.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-01.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: |CL| installer: Choose installation type screen
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
If you are not familiar with text-based installation
|
||||
interfaces, here are some navigation tips:
|
||||
|
||||
* Use the :kbd:`Up Arrow` and :kbd:`Down Arrow` keys to move between
|
||||
the options on the screen.
|
||||
|
||||
* Use the :kbd:`Space` to select or highlight an option.
|
||||
|
||||
* Press :kbd:`Enter` to activate the selected option and to move ahead.
|
||||
|
||||
#. On the :guilabel:`Choose partitioning method` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`Manually configure mounts and partitions`, as shown in
|
||||
Figure 2.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-02.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: |CL|: Choose partitioning method
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select the drive, in this case :file:`/dev/sda` and press :kbd:`Enter` to
|
||||
go into the `cgdisk` partitioning tool. See Figure 3.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-03.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: |CL|: Choose drive to partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new root partition.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`New`. See Figure 4.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _multi-boot-04:
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-04.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 4: |CL|: Create new partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Accept the default first sector.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Specify the desired size of the partition. For this example, we
|
||||
specified *50GB*. See Figure 5.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-05.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 5: |CL|: New partition size
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set the partition type to :guilabel:`8300 (Linux filesystem)`. See
|
||||
Figure 6.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-06.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 6: |CL|: Set partition type
|
||||
|
||||
#. Name the partition :file:`CL-root`. This name makes it easier to
|
||||
identify later. See Figure 7.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-07.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 7: |CL|: Name partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new swap partition. See Figure 8.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-08.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 8: |CL|: Create swap partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select the `free space` partition located at the bottom of the column.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`New`. See :ref:`Figure 4<multi-boot-04>`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Accept the default first sector.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Specify the desired size of the swap partition. For this example, we
|
||||
used 8GB. See the `recommended swap partition sizes`_ for guidance.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set the partition type to :guilabel:`8200 (Linux swap)`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Name the partition :file:`CL-swap`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new EFI partition. See Figure 9.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-09.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 9: |CL|: Create EFI partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. In the Partition Type column, select :guilabel:`free space` located at
|
||||
the bottom of the column.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`New`. See :ref:`Figure 4<multi-boot-04>`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Accept the default first sector.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Specify the desired size of the partition. For this example, we used
|
||||
1024 MB. This partition will hold |CL|, the kernels of the other
|
||||
operating systems, and their boot information. Its size depends on the
|
||||
number of installed operating systems. In general, allocate about 100MB
|
||||
per operating system. For this example, we used 1024 MB.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set the partition type to :guilabel:`ef00 (EFI partition)`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Name the partition :file:`CL-EFI`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`Write` to apply the new partition table.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`Quit` to exit the `cgdisk` tool.
|
||||
|
||||
#. On the :guilabel:`Set mount points` screen, specify the mount points and
|
||||
format settings as shown in Figure 10.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-10.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 10: |CL|: Set mount points
|
||||
|
||||
#. On the :guilabel:`User configuration` screen, select
|
||||
:guilabel:`Create an administrative user`. See Figure 11.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-11.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 11: |CL|: User configuration
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`Add user to sudoers?`. See Figure 12.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-12.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 12: |CL|: Add user as sudoer
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation and go through
|
||||
the out-of-box-experience of |CL|.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Get root privileges.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
#. Add a timeout period for Systemd-Boot to wait, otherwise it will not
|
||||
present the boot menu and will always boot |CL|.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# clr-boot-manager set-timeout 20
|
||||
|
||||
# clr-boot-manager update
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
Install Windows\* Server 2016
|
||||
*****************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the Windows installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the :guilabel:`Type of installation` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`Custom: Install Windows only (advanced)`. See Figure 13.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-13.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 13: Windows: Choose installation type
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`Unallocated Space` and create a new partition of the
|
||||
desired size. In this example, we specified 50000 MB. See Figure 14.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-14.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 14: Windows: Create new partition
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
Windows normally creates its own EFI partition (100MB) if none exists.
|
||||
In this case, it sees the EFI partition created during the |CL|
|
||||
installation and won't create its own.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select the newly created partition and follow the remaining prompts
|
||||
to complete the installation of Windows. See Figure 15.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-15.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 15: Windows: Install on newly created partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Go through the Windows out-of-box-experience process.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At this point, the ability to boot |CL| is lost because Windows is the
|
||||
default boot loader. See :ref:`recover-cl-bl` to restore the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot boot loader and add Windows to its boot menu.
|
||||
|
||||
Install Red Hat\* Enterprise Linux 7.4 Beta
|
||||
*******************************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the Red Hat installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the :guilabel:`INSTALLATION SUMMARY` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`INSTALLATION DESTINATION`. See Figure 16.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-16.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 16: Red Hat: Installation summary
|
||||
|
||||
#. In the :guilabel:`Device Selection` section, select a drive on which to
|
||||
install the OS. See Figure 17.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-17.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 17: Red Hat: Installation destination
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under the :guilabel:`Other Storage Options` section, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`I will configure partitioning`. See Figure 17.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Done`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under :menuselection:`New Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4 Installation --> New mount points will use the following partitioning scheme` section,
|
||||
select :menuselection:`Standard Partition` from the drop down list. See
|
||||
Figure 18.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-18.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 18: Red Hat: New partition scheme
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new root partition.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click the :menuselection:`+` button on the lower left corner.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enter `/` and the new partition size. For this example, we specified 45
|
||||
GB. See Figure 19.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-19.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 19: Red Hat: Create new root partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Add mount point`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Share the swap partition that was created by |CL|. See Figure
|
||||
20.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Expand :guilabel:`Unknown`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`swap / sda2`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`Reformat`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Update Settings`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-20.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 20: Red Hat: Configure swap partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Share the EFI partition that was created by |CL|. See Figure
|
||||
21.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Expand :guilabel:`Unknown.`
|
||||
|
||||
#. Select :guilabel:`EFI System Partition / sda3`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under :guilabel:`Mount Point`, enter `/boot/efi`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Update Settings`.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-21.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 21: Red Hat: Configure EFI partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Done`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation of Red Hat.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At this point, the ability to boot |CL| is lost because `Grub`
|
||||
was set as the default boot loader. Follow these steps to make the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot the default boot loader and add Red Hat as a boot option:
|
||||
|
||||
#. Boot into Red Hat.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Get root privilege with the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
#. Locate Fedora’s :file:`grub.cfg` file at the
|
||||
:file:`/boot/efi/EFI/redhat/` directory and look for the primary Red
|
||||
Hat :guilabel:`menuentry` section. The highlighted lines identify
|
||||
the kernel and `initrd` filenames, root partition UUID, and
|
||||
additional parameters used. This information is used to create a
|
||||
new Systemd-Boot entry for Red Hat. See Figure 22.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-22.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 22: Red Hat: grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#. Copy the kernel and `initrd` to the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-663.el7.x86_64 /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-663.el7.x86_64.img /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a boot entry for Red Hat. The file must, at a minimum, contain
|
||||
these settings:
|
||||
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
|
||||
| Setting | Description |
|
||||
+=========+===================================================+
|
||||
| title | Text to show in the boot menu |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
|
||||
| linux | Linux kernel image |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
|
||||
| initrd | initramfs image |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
|
||||
| options | Options to pass to the EFI program or kernel boot |
|
||||
| | parameters |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
|
||||
|
||||
See the `systemd boot loader documentation`_ for additional
|
||||
details.
|
||||
|
||||
The *options* parameters must specify the root partition UUID and any
|
||||
additional parameters that Red Hat requires.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note:: The root partition UUID used below is unique to this example.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /boot/efi/loader/entries
|
||||
|
||||
# vi redhat.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Add the following lines to :file:`redhat.conf`
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4 Beta
|
||||
|
||||
linux /vmlinuz-3.10.0-663.el7.x86\_64
|
||||
|
||||
initrd /initramfs-3.10.0-663.el7.x86\_64.img
|
||||
|
||||
options root=UUID=30655c74-6cc1-4c55-8fcc-ac8bddcea4db ro
|
||||
crashkernel=auto rhgb LANG=en\_US.UTF-8
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-install Systemd-Boot to make it the default boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
This version of Red Hat does not support `bootctl install`. Perform
|
||||
the steps in :ref:`recover-cl-bl` instead.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Install SUSE\* Linux Enterprise 12 SP2
|
||||
**************************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the SUSE installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the :guilabel:`Suggested Partitioning` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`Expert Partitioner`. See Figure 23.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-23.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 23: SUSE: Suggested partitioning
|
||||
|
||||
**Optional:** Under :guilabel:`Available Storage on Linux` section,
|
||||
right-click the SUSE :file:`/home` partition and delete it. In this example, it is :file:`/dev/sda8`. See Figure 24.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-24.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 24: SUSE: Delete /home partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under :guilabel:`Available Storage on Linux` section, right-click the SUSE
|
||||
root partition and resize it. In this example, :file:`/dev/sda7` is
|
||||
resized to 45 GB. See Figure 25.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-25.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 25: SUSE: Resize root partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Accept`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation of SUSE.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At this point, |CL| cannot boot because `Grub`
|
||||
is the default boot loader. Follow these steps to make the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot the default boot loader and add SUSE as a boot option:
|
||||
|
||||
#. Boot into SUSE.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Get root privileges with the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
#. Locate SUSE’s :file:`grub.cfg` in the :file:`/boot/grub2/` directory
|
||||
and look for the primary SUSE :guilabel:`menuentry` section. The
|
||||
highlighted lines identify the kernel, the :file:`initrd` filenames,
|
||||
the root partition UUID, and the additional parameters used. Use this
|
||||
information to create a new Systemd-Boot entry. See Figure 26.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-26.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 26: SUSE: grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#. Copy the kernel and the :file:`initrd` file to the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.21-69-default /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/initrd-4.4.21-69-default /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a boot entry for SUSE. The file must at least contain these
|
||||
settings:
|
||||
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|
||||
| Setting | Description |
|
||||
+=========+=======================================+
|
||||
| title | Text to show in the boot menu |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|
||||
| linux | Linux kernel image |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|
||||
| initrd | initramfs image |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|
||||
| options | Options to pass to the EFI program or |
|
||||
| | kernel boot parameters |
|
||||
+---------+---------------------------------------+
|
||||
|
||||
See the `systemd boot loader documentation`_ for additional
|
||||
details.
|
||||
|
||||
The *options* parameter must specify the root partition UUID and
|
||||
any additional parameters SUSE requires.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note:: The root partition UUID used below is unique to this example.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /boot/efi/loader/entries
|
||||
|
||||
# vi suse.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Add the following lines to the :file:`suse.conf` file:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
title SUSE Linux Enterprise 12 SP2
|
||||
|
||||
linux /vmlinuz-4.4.21-69-default
|
||||
|
||||
initrd /initrd-4.4.21-69-default
|
||||
|
||||
options root=UUID=b9e25e98-a644-4ac3-b955-ae32800ee350 ro
|
||||
resume=/dev/disk/by-uuid/6a50c032-1c1e-4b4a-b799-ca365bb10dc7
|
||||
splash=silent showopts crashkernel=109M,high
|
||||
crashkernel=72M,low
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-install Systemd-Boot to make it the default boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# bootctl install --path /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
If an older version of SUSE does not have the `bootctl` command,
|
||||
skip this step and see :ref:`recover-cl-bl` to restore the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
Install Ubuntu\* 16.04 LTS Desktop
|
||||
**********************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the Ubuntu installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the :guilabel:`Installation type` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`Something else`. See Figure 27.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-27.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 27: Ubuntu: Installation type
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new root partition.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under the :guilabel:`Device` column, select :guilabel:`free space`. See
|
||||
Figure 28.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-28.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 28: Ubuntu: Add partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click the :guilabel:`+` button on the lower left corner.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Enter the new partition size. For this example, we used *40000 MB*, as
|
||||
shown in Figure 29.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-29.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 29: Ubuntu: Configure new root partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set :guilabel:`Use as` to :guilabel:`Ext4 journaling file system`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set the :guilabel:`Mount point` to `/`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`OK`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under the :guilabel:`Format?` column, select the new partition to be
|
||||
formatted, in this example :file:`/dev/sda8`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Share the same swap partition created by |CL|.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under the :guilabel:`Device` column, select :file:`/dev/sda2`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Change`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Confirm :guilabel:`Use as` is set to :guilabel:`Swap area`. See Figure
|
||||
30.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-30.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 30: Ubuntu - Set swap partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation of Ubuntu.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At this point, the ability to boot |CL| is lost because `Grub`
|
||||
is the default boot loader. Follow these steps to make the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot the default boot loader and add Ubuntu as a boot option.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Boot into Ubuntu.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Get root permissions.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
#. Locate the Ubuntu :file:`grub.cfg` file in the :file:`/boot/grub/`
|
||||
directory and look for the :guilabel:`menuentry` section. The
|
||||
highlighted lines identify the kernel, the :file:`initrd` files, the
|
||||
root partition UUID, and the additional parameters used. Use this
|
||||
information to create a new Systemd-Boot entry for Ubuntu. See Figure
|
||||
31.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-31.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 31: Ubuntu: grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#. Copy the kernel and :file:`initrd` to the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-36-generic.efi.signed /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-36-generic /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a boot entry for Ubuntu. The file must contain at least these
|
||||
settings:
|
||||
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| Setting | Description |
|
||||
+=========+====================================+
|
||||
| title | Text to show in the boot menu |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| linux | Linux kernel image |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| initrd | initramfs image |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| options | Options to pass to the EFI program |
|
||||
| | or kernel boot parameters |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
|
||||
See the `systemd boot loader documentation`_ for additional
|
||||
details.
|
||||
|
||||
The *options* parameters must specify the root partition UUID and
|
||||
any additional parameters that Ubuntu requires.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note:: The root partition UUID used below is unique to this example.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /boot/efi/loader/entries
|
||||
|
||||
# vi ubuntu.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Add the following lines to the :file:`ubuntu.conf` file:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
title Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Desktop
|
||||
|
||||
linux /vmlinuz-4.8.0-36-generic.efi.signed
|
||||
|
||||
initrd /initrd.img-4.8.0-36-generic
|
||||
|
||||
options root=UUID=17f0aa66-3467-4f99-b92c-8b2cea1045aa ro
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-install Systemd-Boot to make it the default boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# bootctl install --path /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
If an older version of Ubuntu does not have the `bootctl` command,
|
||||
skip this step and see :ref:`recover-cl-bl` to restore the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
Install Mint\* 18.1 “Serena” MATE
|
||||
*********************************
|
||||
|
||||
#. Start the Mint installer and follow the prompts.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the :guilabel:`Installation type` screen, choose
|
||||
:guilabel:`Something else`. See Figure 32.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-32.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 32: Mint: Installation type
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a new root partition.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under the :guilabel:`Device` column, select :guilabel:`free space`. See
|
||||
Figure 33.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-33.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 33: Mint: Add partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click the :guilabel:`+` button.
|
||||
|
||||
#. In the :guilabel:`Size` field, enter a value for the new partition
|
||||
size. For this example, we used *40000 MB*, as shown in Figure 34.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-34.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 34: Mint: Configure new partition settings
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set :guilabel:`Use as` to :guilabel:`Ext4 journaling file system`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Set the :guilabel:`Mount point` to :guilabel:`/`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`OK`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Share the same swap partition created by |CL| with the following
|
||||
steps.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Under :guilabel:`Device` column, select :file:`/dev/sda2`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Click :guilabel:`Change`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Confirm :guilabel:`Use as` is set to :guilabel:`Swap area`. See Figure
|
||||
35.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-35.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 35: Mint: Set swap partition
|
||||
|
||||
#. Follow the remaining prompts to complete the installation of Mint.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At this point, the ability to boot |CL| is lost because `Grub`
|
||||
is the default boot loader. Follow these steps to make the |CL|
|
||||
Systemd-Boot the default boot loader and add Mint as a boot option.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Boot into Mint.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Get root permissions.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
$ sudo -s
|
||||
|
||||
#. Locate the Mint :file:`grub.cfg` file in the :file:`/boot/grub/` and
|
||||
look for the :guilabel:`menuentry` section. The highlighted lines
|
||||
identify the kernel, the :file:`initrd` files, the root partition UUID,
|
||||
and the additional parameters used. Use this information to create a
|
||||
new Systemd-Boot entry for Mint. See Figure 36.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-36.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 36: Mint: grub.cfg
|
||||
|
||||
#. Copy the kernel and :file:`initrd` to the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-53-generic /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
# cp /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-53-generic /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
#. Create a boot entry for Mint. The file must contain at least these
|
||||
settings:
|
||||
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| Setting | Description |
|
||||
+=========+====================================+
|
||||
| title | Text to show in the boot menu |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| linux | Linux kernel image |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| initrd | initramfs image |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
| options | Options to pass to the EFI program |
|
||||
| | or kernel boot parameters |
|
||||
+---------+------------------------------------+
|
||||
|
||||
See the `systemd boot loader documentation`_ for additional
|
||||
details.
|
||||
|
||||
The *options* parameters must specify the root partition UUID and
|
||||
any additional parameters that Mint requires.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note:: The root partition UUID used below is unique to this example.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /boot/efi/loader/entries
|
||||
|
||||
# vi mint.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Add the following lines to the :file:`mint.conf` file:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
title Mint 18.1 Serena MATE
|
||||
|
||||
linux /vmlinuz-4.4.0-53-generic
|
||||
|
||||
initrd /initrd.img-4.4.0-53-generic
|
||||
|
||||
options root=UUID=af4901e1-6238-470a-8c14-bc0f0f7715ec ro
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-install Systemd-Boot to make it the default boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# bootctl install --path /boot/efi
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
If an older version of Mint does not have the `bootctl` command,
|
||||
skip this step and see :ref:`recover-cl-bl` to restore the Clear
|
||||
Linux Systemd-Boot boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
.. _recover-cl-bl:
|
||||
|
||||
Recover the Clear Linux boot loader
|
||||
***********************************
|
||||
|
||||
The installation of a new operating system or an upgrade of an existing
|
||||
operating system can result in making the |CL| Systemd-Boot no
|
||||
longer the default boot loader. To restore it, follow the steps below.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Boot the |CL| installer from a USB thumb drive. See :ref:`bootable-usb`.
|
||||
|
||||
#. At the introduction screen, press :kbd:`Control+Alt+F2` to bring up the
|
||||
|CL| console. See Figure 37.
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-37.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 37: |CL|: Console
|
||||
|
||||
#. Log in as *root*.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
Logging in for the first time as *root* through the console requires
|
||||
setting a new password.
|
||||
|
||||
#. Find the location of the |CL| EFI partition, in this example it is
|
||||
:file:`/dev/sda3`. See Figure 38.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# fdisk –l
|
||||
|
||||
.. figure:: figures/multi-boot-38.png
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 38: |CL| - fdisk -l
|
||||
|
||||
#. Mount the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# mount /dev/sda3 /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. Re-install Systemd-Boot to make it the default boot loader.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# bootctl install --path /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. Unmount the EFI partition.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: console
|
||||
|
||||
# umount /mnt
|
||||
|
||||
#. Reboot.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. _recommended swap partition sizes:
|
||||
https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/5/html/Deployment_Guide/ch-swapspace.html
|
||||
|
||||
.. _systemd boot loader documentation:
|
||||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-boot
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||