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puneetse
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* Update NVIDIA installer command to isolate files and support OpenGL * Update source/clear-linux/tutorials/nvidia.rst Co-Authored-By: puneetse <22071208+puneetse@users.noreply.github.com> * Elaborate on not using swupd verify with NVIDIA * Add compat32-libdir Some installation flows don't work without explicitly setting compat-libdir when compat-prefix is specified. * Add note about drivers not being updated automatially.
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234 lines
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.. _nvidia:
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Install NVIDIA Drivers
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######################
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NVIDIA is a manufacture of graphics processing units (GPU), also known as
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graphics cards.
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NVIDIA devices on Linux have two popular device driver options: the opensource
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drivers from the `nouveau project`_ or the proprietary drivers published by
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NVIDIA. The nouveau drivers are built into the |CL-ATTR| kernel and are loaded
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automatically at system boot if a compatible card is detected.
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These instructions show how to use the proprietary NVIDIA drivers which
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require a manual installation.
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.. note::
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Software installed outside of :ref:`swupd <swupd-about>` is not updated with |CL|
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updates and must be updated and maintained manually.
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.. contents:: :local:
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:depth: 2
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Prerequisites
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*************
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* A |CL| system with a desktop installed
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* A NVIDIA device installed
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Install DKMS
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************
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The :ref:`Dynamic Kernel Module System (DKMS)
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<kernel-modules-dkms>` allows the NVIDIA kernel modules to be automatically
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integrated when kernel updates occur in |CL|.
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Install the appropriate DKMS bundle using the instructions below:
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.. note::
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The Long Term Support (LTS) kernel variant is more likely to remain
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compatible between updates with NVIDIA drivers.
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.. include:: ../guides/maintenance/kernel-modules-dkms.rst
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:start-after: kernel-modules-dkms-install-begin:
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:end-before: kernel-modules-dkms-install-end:
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Download and install the NVIDIA Linux Driver
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********************************************
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Download the NVIDIA Linux Driver
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================================
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#. Identify the model of NVIDIA GPU that is installed.
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo lshw -C display
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#. Go to the `NVIDIA Driver Downloads website`_ . Search for and download the
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appropriate driver based on the model of NVIDIA GPU you have with *Linux
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64-bit* selected as the Operating System .
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#. Open a terminal and navigate to where the
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:file:`NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-<VERSION>.run` file was saved. In this
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example, it was saved in the Downloads folder.
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.. code-block:: bash
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cd ~/Downloads/
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#. Make the :file:`NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-<VERSION>.run` file executable.
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.. code-block:: bash
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chmod +x :file:`NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-<VERSION>.run`
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Disable the nouveau Driver
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==========================
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The proprietary NVIDIA driver is incompatible with the nouveau driver and
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needs to be disabled before installation can continue.
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#. Disable the nouveau driver by creating a blacklist file under
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:file:`/etc/modprobe.d` and reboot.
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo mkdir /etc/modprobe.d
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printf "blacklist nouveau \noptions nouveau modeset=0 \n" | sudo tee --append /etc/modprobe.d/disable-nouveau.conf
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#. Reboot the system and log back in. It is normal for the graphical
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environment to not start with no NVIDIA driver loaded.
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Install the NVIDIA Linux Driver
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===============================
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The NVIDIA installer will be directed to install files under
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:file:`/opt/nvidia` as much as possible to keep its contents isolated from the
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rest of the |CL| files under :file:`/usr`.
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#. A terminal not running on */dev/tty1* is useful to view uninterrupted
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installation progress. Switch to a secondary virtual terminal by pushing
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:command:`CTRL + ALT + F2` or remotely login over SSH.
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#. Configure the dynamic linker to look for and cache shared libraries under
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:file:`/opt/nvidia/lib` and :file:`/opt/nvidia/lib32` where the NVIDIA
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installer will place libraries.
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.. code-block:: bash
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echo "include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf" | sudo tee --append /etc/ld.so.conf
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sudo mkdir /etc/ld.so.conf.d
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printf "/opt/nvidia/lib \n/opt/nvidia/lib32 \n" | sudo tee --append /etc/ld.so.conf.d/nvidia.conf
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#. Navigate into the directory where the NVIDIA installer was downloaded.
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.. code-block:: bash
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cd ~/Downloads/
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#. Run the installer with the advanced options below.
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-<VERSION>.run \
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--utility-prefix=/opt/nvidia \
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--opengl-prefix=/opt/nvidia \
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--compat32-prefix=/opt/nvidia \
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--compat32-libdir=lib32 \
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--x-prefix=/opt/nvidia \
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--documentation-prefix=/opt/nvidia \
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--no-precompiled-interface \
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--no-nvidia-modprobe \
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--no-distro-scripts \
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--force-libglx-indirect \
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--dkms \
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--silent
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#. The graphical interface may automatically start after the NVIDIA driver
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is loaded. Return to the working terminal and log back in if necessary.
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#. Validate the nvidia kernel modules are loaded.
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.. code-block:: bash
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lsmod | grep ^nvidia
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#. Run a |CL| system verification to restore files that the NVIDIA installer
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likely deleted.
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo swupd verify --quick --fix --bundles=lib-opengl
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.. note::
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The NVIDIA software places some files under the :file:`/usr` subdirectory
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which are not managed by |CL| and conflict with the |CL| stateless design.
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Although a limited version of :command:`swupd verify --fix` is ran above,
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other uses of the :command:`swupd verify --fix` command should be avoided
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with the proprietary NVIDIA drivers installed.
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Uninstalling the NVIDIA driver
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******************************
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The NVIDIA drivers and associated software can be uninstalled and nouveau
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driver restored by:
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#. Remove the previously created file :file:`/etc/modprobe.d` that
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prevents nouveau from loading.
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.. code-block:: bash
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sudo rm /etc/modprobe.d/disable-nouveau.conf
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#. Run the :command:`sudo /opt/nvidia/bin/nvidia-uninstall`
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#. Follow the prompts on the screen and reboot the system.
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Debugging NVIDIA driver installation
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************************************
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* The NVIDIA driver places installer and uninstaller logs under
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:file:`/var/log/nvidia-install` and :file:`/var/log/nvidia-uninstall`.
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* :file:`NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-<VERSION>.run --advanced-options` shows many
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parameters to control installation behavior.
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* :file:`NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-<VERSION>.run --extract-only` extracts
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installation files into a directory named
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:file:`NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-<VERSION>`.
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Additional resources
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********************
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* `Why aren't the NVIDIA Linux drivers open source? <https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/1849/kw/Linux>`_
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* `Where can I get support for NVIDIA Linux drivers? <https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/44/kw/linux>`_
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* `NVIDIA Accelerated Linux Graphics Driver Installation Guides <https://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/>`_
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.. _`nouveau project`: https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/
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.. _`NVIDIA Driver Downloads website`: https://www.nvidia.com/download/index.aspx
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